SecureBlackbox 16: How do certificates stored on smartcards appear in Windows Certificate Storage when the smartcard is plugged in?

Certificates (not their private keys) are imported and stored in memory either by a smart card CSP (cryptographic service provider) module or by a vendor-provided CSP module. Once the certificate is imported, there's no way to reliably find out from where it has come from. Vendor-provided modules can often be customized as to how certificates are imported and cached.